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Alien Biospheres: Part 11 - Islands

CAMPFIRE: https://www.campfireblaze.com/?utm_so... PATREON:   / biblaridion   MAIN DISCORD:   / discord   ALIEN BIOSPHERES DISCORD:   / discord   GAME DISCORD:   / discord   MUSIC: "Kalimba Relaxation Music" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b... SOURCES: Benítez-López, A., Santini, L., Gallego-Zamorano, J. et al. The island rule explains consistent patterns of body size evolution in terrestrial vertebrates. Nat Ecol Evol 5, 768–786 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01... Elliott KH, Ricklefs RE, Gaston AJ, Hatch SA, Speakman JR, Davoren GK. High flight costs, but low dive costs, in auks support the biomechanical hypothesis for flightlessness in penguins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(23):9380-9384. doi:10.1073/pnas.1304838110 Gerold Kier, Holger Kreft, Tien Ming Lee, Walter Jetz, Pierre L. Ibisch, Christoph Nowicki, Jens Mutke, Wilhelm Barthlott. A global assessment of endemism and species richness across island and mainland regions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Jun 2009, 106 (23) 9322-9327; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0810306106 J. M. B. Smith - Dispersal of Plants and Animals to Oceanic Islands. Oceans and Aquatic Ecosystems - Vol. II Krause, D. Washed up in Madagascar. Nature 463, 613–614 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/463613a Longrich, Nick & Vinther, Jakob & Pyron, R & Pisani, Davide & Gauthier, Jacques. (2015). Biogeography of worm lizards (Amphisbaenia) driven by end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society. 282. 10.1098/rspb.2014.3034. Mori, Y. (2002), Optimal diving behaviour for foraging in relation to body size. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 15: 269-276. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.2... Tracy L. Kivell, Daniel Schmitt. Independent evolution of knuckle-walking in African apes shows that humans did not evolve from a knuckle-walking ancestor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Aug 2009, 106 (34) 14241-14246; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0901280106 Warren, B, H., Simberloff, D., Ricklefs, R, E., Aguilee, R., Condamine, F, L., Gravel, D., Mouquet, N., Rosindell, J., Casquet, J., Conti, E., Cornuault, J., Fernandez-Palacios, J, M., Hengl, T., Norder, S, J., Rijsdijk, K, F., Sanmartin, I., Strasberg, D., Triantis, K, A., Valente, L, M., Whittaker, R, J., Gillespie, R, G., Emerson, B, C., & Thebaud, C. (2015). Islands as model systems in ecology and evolution fifty years after MacArthur-Wilson. Ecology Letters, 18, 200-217 IMAGE CREDIT: Tenerife giant rat – m0rph New Caledonian giant gecko – hectonichus Floating vegetation – D. Croft Lynx – Michael Zahra Snowshoe hare – Walter Siegmund Lynx and Hare Population Fluctuations – Community Ecology by OpenStax Giant Weta – Dinobass Anisodon – DiBgd Therizinosaurus – Nobu Tamura Therizinosaurus arm diagram – Paleoneolitic Fishing bat – chiroptera.fr (Chiroblog) Sylvornis – Trevor H. Worthy,Miyess Mitri,Warren D. Handley,Michael S. Y. Lee,Atholl Anderson,Christophe Sand Flightless cormorant – Putneymark Diving gannet – Mike Pennington Brown Pelican – William H. Majoros Cormorant – Shanin Abasov Pygoscelis papua – Ken Funakoshi Albatross – Liam Quinn Galapagos penguin – Andrew Skujins Harbor seal – Wordless symbol Primary succession – Succession, University of Wisconsin Climax Community – OpenStax Polystichum munitum – Jami Dwyer Kalapana – Brocken Inaglory Abies lasiocarpa – Walter Siegmund Ring-tailed lemur – Sannse Fligthless cormorant – Charles J. Sharp Nuralagus – Goyo Arriaga 0:00 Campfire 1:07 Intro 3:22 Isla Proxima 5:06 Insular dwarfism 6:58 Insular gigantism 11:05 Drift fruit 14:06 Rafting 18:41 Adaptive radiation 21:57 Invasive species 23:28 Knuckle-walking 25:35 Feeding claws 27:55 Sea ice 30:24 Flightless swimmers 35:15 Succession 39:59 Flightless herbivores 42:49 Flightless predators 43:30 Summary