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Two Cataclysmic Eruptions in 3 Days; New Zealand's Twin Calderas

Approximately 240,000 years ago, a cataclysmic eruption occurred on New Zealand's north island, which would go on to coat a large swath of landscape in more than 500 feet of rock and ash. Then, a mere 3 days later a second eruption occurred, burying another significant area under an additional 100 feet thick of volcanic rock. It is unheard of for two adjacent volcanoes to produce large eruptions within the same year, let alone the same week. Yet, this is exactly what occurred 240,000 years ago, when part of New Zealand's north island produced twin VEI 7 explosive volcanic eruptions. Thumbnail Photo Credit: Schaefer, J. R. G., Alaska Volcano Observatory / Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, https://avo.alaska.edu/images/image.p.... This video was then overlaid with text in addition to GeologyHub made graphics (the image border and the GeologyHub logo). If you would like to support this channel, consider using one of the following links: (Patreon:   / geologyhub  ) (YouTube membership:    / @geologyhub  ) (Gemstone & Mineral Etsy store: http://prospectingarizona.etsy.com) (GeologyHub Merch Etsy store: http://geologyhub.etsy.com) Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at [email protected] and I will make the necessary changes. Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image: Public Domain: https://creativecommons.org/publicdom... CC BY 3.0 NZ: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Sources/Citations: [1] Dr. Darren Gravely [2] Geonet [3] Karátson, D., Biró, T., Portnyagin, M. et al. Large-magnitude (VEI ≥ 7) ‘wet’ explosive silicic eruption preserved a Lower Miocene habitat at the Ipolytarnóc Fossil Site, North Hungary. Sci Rep 12, 9743 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13..., CC BY 4.0 [4] Source of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) methodology and criteria: Newhall, C. G., and Self, S. (1982), The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) an estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87(C2), 1231–1238, doi:10.1029/JC087iC02p01231. Accessed / Read by    / geologyhub   on Oct 5th, 2022 [5] VEIs, dates/years, composition, tephra layer name, DRE estimates, and bulk tephra volume estimates for volcanic eruptions shown in this video which were assigned a VEI 4 or larger without an asterisk after their name are sourced from the LaMEVE database (British Geological Survey © UKRI), https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/vogripa/view/c..., Used with Permission [6] http://gergs.net/all_palaeotemps/ 0:00 Twin Eruptions 1:18 Two Large Eruptions 2:42 Ancient Climate 3:35 What is Known 4:12 3 Possibilities 4:57 Conclusion