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Plant Microbe interaction: An Overview

Plant Microbe interaction is Bidirectional. Microbes colonize apoplastic space, endophytic, surface areas, rhizo-soil. Plant growth is affected either through direct or through indirect effects of the associated microbes. What decides which microbe will interact with a plant at any particular time? Various Biotic and Abiotic factors decide the fate of plant microbe interactions. Soil properties: pH, soil type, macronutrient distribution, organic matter, salinity, soil structure, and moisture content drive the microbial community formation. Environmental factors: climate, light, water, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and geographic location Plant factors: Plant immune system, plant compartment, metabolite secretions, plant age, plant–plant interactions, root morphology, root exudates plant genotype. Anthropogenic factors: Agricultural practices including dosages of fertilizers, pesticide sprays, cultivation practices, pollution, and several other human activities that disturb the quality of soil, air, and water. Studying the plant microbe interactions enable us to understand plant health in the presence and absence of microbes and also to reduce the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers. It will help us to understand how the plant growth-promoting microorganisms exert their beneficial effects and how plant pathogens can cause disease. This will empower us to optimize plant cultivation and provide food for an ever-growing population directly influence our present agricultural practices. References: Schirawski, Jan, and Michael H. Perlin. "Plant–Microbe Interaction 2017—The good, the bad and the diverse." (2018): 1374. Compant, Stéphane, Abdul Samad, Hanna Faist, and Angela Sessitsch. "A review on the plant microbiome: ecology, functions and emerging trends in microbial application." Journal of advanced research (2019). Gopal, Murali, and Alka Gupta. "Microbiome selection could spur next-generation plant breeding strategies." Frontiers in microbiology 7 (2016): 1971. Music credits:bensounds https://www.bensound.com/