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Campi Flegrei Volcano Update; A Timeline of its Many Recent Eruptions

Several large cities and more than 300,000 people live inside calderas and craters of the massive Campi Flegrei volcano in Italy. Since this volcano is still at an alert level of yellow, what exactly does this indicate? This video will discuss the current activity at the large caldera complex known as Campi Flegrei, as well as show a timeline of its 40 Holocene epoch eruptions. Thumbnail Photo Credit: This work "CampiFlegrei78", is a derivative of a photo (resized, cropped, image mirrored vertically (left became right and right became left), text overlay, GeologyHub made graphics overlay added (the GeologyHub logo & the image border)) from "Solfatara", by: Becks, littlemisspurps, 2014, Posted on Flickr, Flickr account link: https://www.flickr.com/photos/littlem..., Photo link: https://www.flickr.com/photos/littlem..., CC BY 2.0. "CampiFlegrei78" is used & licensed under CC BY 2.0 by    / geologyhub   If you would like to support this channel, consider using one of the following links: (Patreon:   / geologyhub  ) (YouTube membership:    / @geologyhub  ) (Gemstone & Mineral Etsy store: http://prospectingarizona.etsy.com) (GeologyHub Merch Etsy store: http://geologyhub.etsy.com) Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at [email protected] and I will make the necessary changes. Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image (and this list does not include every license used in this video and/or thumbnail image): Public Domain: https://creativecommons.org/publicdom... CC BY 2.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... CC BY 3.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Sources/Citations: [1] INGV [2] Isaia, R., P. Marianelli, and A. Sbrana (2009), Caldera unrest prior to intense volcanism in Campi Flegrei (Italy) at 4.0 ka B.P.: Implications for caldera dynamics and future eruptive scenarios, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L21303, doi:10.1029/2009GL040513. [3] Bevilacqua, A., F. Flandoli, A. Neri, R. Isaia, and S. Vitale (2016), Temporal models for the episodic volcanism of Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) with uncertainty quantification, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 121, 7821–7845, doi:10.1002/2016JB013171. [4] Amoruso, A., Crescentini, L., D’Antonio, M. et al. Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas. Sci Rep 7, 7948 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08..., CC BY 4.0. [5] Scarpati C, Perrotta A, Lepore S, Calvert A. Eruptive history of Neapolitan volcanoes: constraints from 40Ar–39Ar dating. Geological Magazine. 2013;150(3):412-425. doi:10.1017/S0016756812000854 [6] VEIs, dates/years, composition, tephra layer name, DRE estimates, and bulk tephra volume estimates for volcanic eruptions shown in this video which were assigned a VEI 4 or larger are sourced from the LaMEVE database (British Geological Survey © UKRI), https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/vogripa/view/c..., Used with Permission [7] Source of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) methodology and criteria: Newhall, C. G., and Self, S. (1982), The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) an estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87(C2), 1231–1238, doi:10.1029/JC087iC02p01231. Accessed / Read by    / geologyhub   on Oct 5th, 2022. [8] YouTube Creative Commons, "Visita al Vulcano Solfatara", By: Vito Simi de Burgis,    • Visita al Vulcano Solfatara  , CC BY 3.0 license [9] Amoruso, Antonella & Crescentini, Luca & D'Antonio, M. & Acocella, Valerio. (2017). Thermally-assisted Magma Emplacement Explains Restless Calderas. Scientific Reports. 7. 10.1038/s41598-017-08638-y., CC BY 4.0 [10] Di Vito, M., Acocella, V., Aiello, G. et al. Magma transfer at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) before the 1538 AD eruption. Sci Rep 6, 32245 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32245, CC BY 4.0. [11] Giudicepietro Flora, Macedonio Giovanni, Martini Marcello, A Physical Model of Sill Expansion to Explain the Dynamics of Unrest at Calderas with Application to Campi Flegrei, Frontiers in Earth Science, Volume 5, 2017, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/..., DOI: 10.3389/feart.2017.00054, ISSN: 2296-6463, CC BY 4.0. 0:00 Campi Flegrei Volcano 0:25 Craters & Calderas 2:26 Current Situation 3:02 Timeline of Eruptions