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Robots Under Antarctica, and One Day, in Space (Seminar)

Jones Seminar on Science, Technology, and Society. "Robots Under Antarctica, and One Day, in Space." Britney Schmidt, Associate Professor of Astronomy, Cornell. November 1, 2024. The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes, but in having new eyes. -Proust Among the many challenges of constraining how Antarctica is responding to climate change is one that is inherent to the problem itself: it's hard to get to the bottom of all that ice. Beneath tens to hundreds to thousands of meters of ice lie the interfaces that define the boundary conditions of the cryosphere. In fact, this is a similar challenge for future exploration of oceans beyond Earth. For the past ten years, our team has developed an underwater vehicle named Icefin by focusing on what to do to get under the ice and make critical science measurements possible for the first time. Icefin is a novel, modular and (relatively) low logistics underwater vehicle outfitted to split the gap between large open ocean autonomous vehicles and small "roving eye" vehicles. Carrying a comprehensive suite of oceanographic sensors as well as cameras and sonars to perceive, explore and map the ice, ocean and seafloor has given us new eyes to understand what is happening under the ice in Antarctica. We have now had the chance to observe four different glacier systems in Antarctica near their “grounding zones”—the place where the ice slides off the continent, goes afloat on the ocean, and begins to melt. With no prior data in these critical places, using Icefin we have now been able to resolve key details of the sub-ice dynamics that have been missing. At the same time, we are developing exploration and science strategies for use beyond Earth for worlds like Jupiter’s moon Europa. In this presentation, I will share stories and data from our work with Icefin. With any luck, these new observations will help improve forecasts of future change on our planet, and motivate new voyages of discovery on Earth and beyond. Dr. Britney Schmidt is an Associate Professor at Cornell University. She and her team develop robotic tools and instruments to study Earth’s poles and other planets. Exploring Antarctica’s ice shelves and glaciers and the oceans beneath them with their robot Icefin, Schmidt and her team help to capture the impacts of changing climate, while understanding analogs for Ocean Worlds like Jupiter’s moon Europa. She has conducted nine field seasons in Antarctica and three in the Arctic. Her team has used Icefin to explore underneath the McMurdo, Ross, and Fimbul Ice Shelves and Thwaites Glacier, working with NASA, NSF, Antarctica New Zealand, the British Antarctic Survey, and the Norwegian Polar Institute. A native of Tucson, AZ, she received a B.S. from the University of Arizona, and PhD from UCLA. Britney has a long history of NASA spacecraft involvement, including the Europa Clipper and Dawn missions and helped develop the Habitable Worlds Observatory, Europa Lander and Enceladus Orbilander concepts.