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Mast Cells in Allergic Asthma | Anaphylactic Shock

#mastcell #allergicasthma #anaphylacticshock #anaphylaxis #pollenallergy #Type1HSReaction #MastCellImmuneReaction #PenicillinAllergicReaction #PenicillinAllergy #BreathingDifficultyAnaphylaxis #Immunology #Histology #ConnectiveTissue #PathophysiologyofAnaphylacticShock #AllergicRhinitisPathophysiology #InsectbiteinducedAnaphylaxis #CirculatoryShockAnaphylaxis Mast Cells in Allergic Asthma | Anaphylactic Shock Like this video? Sign up now on our website at https://www.DrNajeebLectures.com to access 1000+ Exclusive videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. These are premium videos (NOT FROM YOUTUBE). All these videos come with English subtitles & download options. Sign up now! Get Lifetime Access for a one-time payment of $59 ONLY! Sign up now on our website at https://members.drnajeeblectures.com/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Why sign up for premium membership? Here's why! Membership Features for premium website members. 1. More than 1000+ Medical Lectures. 2. Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. 3. Mobile-friendly interface with android and iOS apps. 4. English subtitles and new videos every week. 5. Download option for offline video playback. 6. Fanatic customer support and that's 24/7. 7. Fast video playback option to learn faster. 8. Trusted by over 2M+ students in 190 countries. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Contents of this video ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 0:00 Mast Cells in Allergic Asthma & Anaphylactic Shock 1:47 Mast Cells are present in all body Connective Tissues except CNS. They have a major role to play in Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type 1 HS); this includes Allergic Asthma as well as Anaphylactic Shock (e.g., as a result of Penicillin Injection) 6:16 ALLERGIC ASTHMA: Constriction of the bronchial tree in respiratory airways occurs as a response to inhaling certain Pollen Grains. Usually in non-allergic people; Alveolar and Bronchial Macrophages lining the respiratory epithelium destroy/phagocytose these inhaled pollen grains. 13:16 FIRST EXPOSURE TO POLLENS: In people allergic to pollens, these macrophages fail to completely phagocytose the inhaled Pollens, instead only partially digesting them, and processing the rest of the antigen to present to the T-Lymphocyte. T-Lymphocytes are converted to T-Helper Cells which stimulate B-lymphocytes and change into Plasma Cells. Plasma cells make the Anti-pollen IgE class of antibodies. These anti-pollen antibodies attach to Mast Cells present in the CT under respiratory epithelium; Mast Cells loaded with Anti-Pollen IgE antibodies; this is: The whole process takes about 2 weeks 22:16 SECOND EXPOSURE TO POLLENS: On second exposure, pollen antigens attach themselves to the Anti-pollen IgE Antibodies on the surface of Mast Cells; triggering the release of; 1-Prostaglandins (PGs) 2-Leukotrienes (LTs) PROSTAGLANDINS; dilate the blood vessels; Bronchial glands in Bronchial Mucosa produce secretions; MUCOSAL EDEMA results. LEUKOTRIENES; shrink the endothelial cells; more gaps between the cells; more fluid leakage; further edema ensues. Mast Cells degranulate to release: PRIMARY MEDIATORS OF ALLERGY, are; Histamine, Eosinophil Chemotactic Factors (ECF), Neutrophil Chemotactic Factor (NCF); These cause further blood vessel dilation, bronchial SM contraction; narrower respiratory airways. 25:33 SECONDARY MEDIATORS OF ALLERGY are formed by Mast Cells after exposure; 1-Interleukin-1 2-Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) CLINICAL: Swelling of mucosa combined with increased glandular secretion and increased bronchoconstriction leads to profound DYSPNEA. As airways become narrow, a Whistling Sound is produced during respiration; this is WHEEZING. 31:32 PENICILLIN ALLERGY & ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK: In people with Penicillin Allergy, Penicillin injection can cause an allergic reaction. Connective Tissues under the epithelia and around blood vessels are rich in Mast Cells; Primary & Secondary Mediators are similarly released throughout the body tissues, incl. under the skin resulting in SKIN SWELLING & RASHES Mast Cells produce Histamine; blood vessel dilation occurs; capacity of the circulatory system (5 Liter) is dramatically increased; blood is unable to return back to the heart at full capacity, so Cardiac Output is reduced; Blood Pressure drops drastically; leading to decreased perfusion of body tissue or in other words; CIRCULATORY SHOCK. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Join this channel to get access to the perks: Sign up now on our website at https://members.drnajeeblectures.com/ Follow us on Facebook:-   / drnajeeb   Follow us on Instagram:-   / drnajeeblectures