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Hip Goniometry

HIP FLEXION (average: 120°) Pt. position: Supine; stabilize the pelvis to prevent posterior tilting Fulcrum: Greater trochanter Stationary arm: Lateral midline of the pelvis Moveable arm: Lateral midline of the femur to the lateral epicondyle Note: Allow the knee to passively flex to reduce hamstring tension. HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY, EXTENDED KNEE HIP FLEXION (average: 70-80°) Same position and landmarks as above except maintain knee extension. Ensure neutral pelvic alignment. HIP ABDUCTION (average: 40°) Pt. position: Supine; stabilize the pelvis to prevent lateral tilting Fulcrum: Anterior ipsilateral ASIS Stationary arm: The imaginary line extending from one ASIS to the other Moveable arm: Anterior midline of the femur to the midline of the patella Note: Maintain neutral hip rotation. HIP ADDUCTION (average: 20°) Pt. position: Supine; stabilize the pelvis to prevent lateral tilting Fulcrum: Anterior ipsilateral ASIS Stationary arm: The imaginary line extending from one ASIS to the other Moveable arm: Anterior midline of the femur to the midline of the patella Note: Abduct the contralateral extremity to allow space for full ROM. Maintain neutral hip rotation. HIP EXTENSION (average: 20-30°) Pt. position: Prone; stabilize the pelvis to prevent anterior tilting Fulcrum: Greater trochanter Stationary arm: Lateral midline of the pelvis Moveable arm: Lateral midline of the femur to the lateral epicondyle Note: A pillow may be placed under the abdomen for comfort. Maintain knee extension to limit tension of the rectus femoris. HIP INTERNAL ROTATION (average: 40-45°) Pt. position: Sitting (may also be performed prone or supine); stabilize the distal femur Fulcrum: Anterior aspect of the patella Stationary arm: Perpendicular or parallel to the supporting surface Moveable arm: The lower leg’s anterior midline, along the tibial crest to midway between the malleoli Note: Place towel beneath distal femur to maintain horizontal alignment. Prevent abduction or adduction of the hip and watch for pelvic tilting and lateral trunk flexion. HIP EXTERNAL ROTATION (average: 45-50°) Pt. position: Sitting (may also be performed prone or supine); stabilize the distal femur Fulcrum: Anterior aspect of the patella Stationary arm: Perpendicular or parallel to the supporting surface Moveable arm: The lower leg’s anterior midline, along the tibial crest to midway between the malleoli Note: Place towel beneath distal femur to maintain horizontal alignment. Prevent abduction or adduction of the hip and watch for pelvic tilting and lateral trunk flexion.