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The escape, capture and trial of Auschwitz SS doctor, Horst Schumann.

In part one we saw how Horst Schumann became involved in extreme right wing politics at an early age. Whilst qualifying as a doctor around the time that the Nazis seized power, his early career included being head of the local Nazi doctors’ association and being involved with forced sterilisations for those people the Nazis felt should not have children. At the beginning of the T4 programme which aimed to murder what the Nazis termed life unworthy of life, he was appointed lead doctor at the Grafeneck killing centre in south west Germany. From here he was moved to Pirna Sonnenstein where he continued to be the person who turned on the gas taps in order to kill. He travelled around concentration camps where he selected weak and ill prisoners to be murdered. He went to Auschwitz where he performed sterilisation experiments on Jewish prisoners before accepting that X rays were not an efficient means of sterilisation although he once more started performing such barabaric experiments on Sinti and Roma people at Ravensbruck. In this video I shall tell about his post war fate. He moved to Gladbeck, in the northern Ruhr area where he duly registered his family residency there with the local registration office on 15 April 1946. He got employment as a sports doctor for the municipality. In 1949, he opened his own practice. This was possible with the help of a refugee loan, as his home town of Halle was now in the Soviet sector, soon to become German Democratic Republic - East Germany. One of the very early works to be published on Nazi Germany was the SS State by Eugen Kogon and Schumann was mentioned in it as an SS criminal. He may not have been aware of this when on 29 January 1951, Schumann applied for a hunting and fishing licence from the town hall of Gladbeck. The police ran a background check which revealed Schumann’s identity. However given the huge amount of work with limited resources for the time, the police were not able to stop Schumann fleeing. On 26 February 1951, forewarned that he was under investigation, he fled. He got work as a ship’s doctor and it was not until 25 February 1954 that the German Consulate General in Osaka-Kobe, Japan informed the police that he had applied for and received a German passport there. In 1955, Schumann fled to Egypt and by the summer of that year was in Sudan where he was joined by his wife. Christ und Welt was an evangelical conservative weekly newspaper founded on 6 June 1948 in Stuttgart by Eugen Gerstenmaier, who had been a member of the Kreisau Circle and thus in the anti Nazi resistance. In 1954, former SS-Sturmbannfuhrer Giselher Wirsing became editor in chief of the newspaper. During WW2, he had been an advisor to Walter Schellenberg who became head of Office VI (SD abroad) of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). On 16 April 1959, Wirsing published an article about a “second Albert Schweitzer who was living in a town in the border region of Sudan, Congo and Central African Republic. Albert Schweitzer was noted for his humanitarian concerns and had worked as a medical missionary in Africa as his way of trying to offer some small compensation to the local inhabitants for the historic guilt of European colonizers. However, what Wirsing may not have understood is that the person who he was lauding for his humanitarian work was none other than a Nazi criminal responsible for the deaths of thousands of people. Once more however Schumann was warned and thus able to evade an arrest warrant by fleeing first to Nigeria and then to Ghana. In Ghana he set up a hospital in the remote location of Kete Krachi. Kete Krachi had belonged to the German colony of Togo until 1914 , but was then occupied by the British during World War I , who administered it from 1919 as part of their League of Nations mandate of British Togoland. In 1958, this area decided in a referendum to join independent Ghana. As far as the authorities in Germany were concerned, the trail for Schumann had gone cold but in 1961 he was stripped of his academic degree. In 1962, a reporter from the Daily Express discovered the Schumanns in Ghana. A German extradition request was ignored by Ghanaian President Kwame Nkrumah , who counted Schumann among his friends. Only after his fall in February 1966 was Schumann arrested by the new rulers and taken into extradition custody on 7 March 1966.   / historysite   Production of independent researched history is time consuming and expensive. Please consider supporting me on Patreon.   / alanheath