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Cirrhose - Patho-physiologie - Causes - Présentation clinique - Docteur Synapse

Physiologie et anatomie du foie - Causes de cirrhose - Pathophysiologie de la cirrhose - Présentation clinique de la cirrhose Référence : 1. Wong RJ, Aguilar M, Cheung R, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the second leading etiology of liver disease among adults awaiting liver transplantation in the United States. Gastroenterology 2015; 148:547. 2. Heidelbaugh JJ, Bruderly M. Cirrhosis and chronic liver failure: part I. Diagnosis and evaluation. Am Fam Physician 2006; 74:756. 3. Angeli P, Albino G, Carraro P, et al. Cirrhosis and muscle cramps: evidence of a causal relationship. Hepatology 1996; 23:264. 4. Konikoff F, Theodor E. Painful muscle cramps. A symptom of liver cirrhosis? J Clin Gastroenterol 1986; 8:669. 5. Mehta SS, Fallon MB. Muscle cramps in liver disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 11:1385. 6. Kalaitzakis E. Gastrointestinal dysfunction in liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14686. 7. Burra P, Germani G, Masier A, et al. Sexual dysfunction in chronic liver disease: is liver transplantation an effective cure? Transplantation 2010; 89:1425. 8. Cundy TF, Butler J, Pope RM, et al. Amenorrhoea in women with non-alcoholic chronic liver disease. Gut 1991; 32:202. 9. van Thiel DH, Gavaler JS, Spero JA, et al. Patterns of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal dysfunction in men with liver disease due to differing etiologies. Hepatology 1981; 1:39. 10. Pirovino M, Linder R, Boss C, et al. Cutaneous spider nevi in liver cirrhosis: capillary microscopical and hormonal investigations. Klin Wochenschr 1988; 66:298. 11. Zaman A, Hapke R, Flora K, et al. Factors predicting the presence of esophageal or gastric varices in patients with advanced liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:3292. 12. Foutch PG, Sullivan JA, Gaines JA, Sanowski RA. Cutaneous vascular spiders in cirrhotic patients: correlation with hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Am J Gastroenterol 1988; 83:723. 13. Tangerman A, Meuwese-Arends MT, Jansen JB. Cause and composition of foetor hepaticus. Lancet 1994; 343:483. 14. Van Thiel DH, Gavaler JS, Schade RR. Liver disease and the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis. Semin Liver Dis 1985; 5:35. 15. Cattau EL Jr, Benjamin SB, Knuff TE, Castell DO. The accuracy of the physical examination in the diagnosis of suspected ascites. JAMA 1982; 247:1164. 16. Soper NJ, Rikkers LF. Effect of operations for variceal hemorrhage on hypersplenism. Am J Surg 1982; 144:700. 17. Erlinger S, Benhamou J. Cirrhosis: Clinical aspects. In: Oxford Textbook of Clinical Hepatology, Mcintyre N, Benhamou J, Rizzetto M, et al (Eds), University Press, Oxford 1991. p.380. 18. Nieto AF, Doty DB. Superior vena cava obstruction: clinical syndrome, etiology, and treatment. Curr Probl Cancer 1986; 10:441. 19. Coetzee T. Clinical anatomy of the umbilicus. S Afr Med J 1980; 57:463. 20. Ellis G, Goldberg DM, Spooner RJ, Ward AM. Serum enzyme tests in diseases of the liver and biliary tree. Am J Clin Pathol 1978; 70:248. 21. Williams AL, Hoofnagle JH. Ratio of serum aspartate to alanine aminotransferase in chronic hepatitis. Relationship to cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1988; 95:734. 22. Asbert M, Ginès A, Ginès P, et al. Circulating levels of endothelin in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1993; 104:1485. 23. Papadakis MA, Fraser CL, Arieff AI. Hyponatraemia in patients with cirrhosis. Q J Med 1990; 76:675. 24. Qamar AA, Grace ND, Groszmann RJ, et al. Incidence, prevalence, and clinical significance of abnormal hematologic indices in compensated cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009; 7:689. 25. Bianchi G, Marchesini G, Zoli M, et al. Prognostic significance of diabetes in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 1994; 20:119. 26. Petrides AS, Vogt C, Schulze-Berge D, et al. Pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1994; 19:616. 27. Runyon BA. A Primer on Detecting Cirrhosis and Caring for These Patients without Causing Harm. Int J Hepatol 2011; 2011:801983. 28. Udell JA, Wang CS, Tinmouth J, et al. Does this patient with liver disease have cirrhosis? JAMA 2012; 307:832.