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What are Diffusion Models?

This short tutorial covers the basics of diffusion models, a simple yet expressive approach to generative modeling. They've been behind a recent string of impressive results, including OpenAI's DALL-E 2, Google's Imagen, and Stable Diffusion. Errata: At 12:39, parentheses are missing around the difference: \epsilon(x, t, y) - \epsilon(x, t, \empty). See https://i.imgur.com/PhUxugm.png for corrected version. Timestamps: 0:00 - Intro 1:07 - Forward process 3:07 - Posterior of forward process 4:16 - Reverse process 5:34 - Variational lower bound 9:26 - Reduced variance objective 10:27 - Reverse step implementation 11:38 - Conditional generation 13:45 - Comparison with other deep generative models 14:34 - Connection to score matching models Special thanks to Jonathan Ho and Elmira Amirloo for feedback on this video. Papers: Feller, 1949: On the Theory of Stochastic Processes, with Particular Reference to Applications (https://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.ed...) Sohl-Dickstein et al., 2015: Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics (https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03585) Ho et al., 2020: Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.11239) Song & Ermon, 2019: Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distribution (https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.05600) Dhariwal & Nichol, 2021: Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis (https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.05233) Nichol et al., 2021: GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.10741) Saharia et al., 2021: Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05826) Ramesh et al, 2022: Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents (https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.06125) Saharia et al., 2022: Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding (https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.11487) Song et al., 2021: Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02502) Nichol & Dhariwal, 2021: Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.09672) Kingma et al., 2021: Variational Diffusion Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.00630) Song et al., 2021: Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations (https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.13456) Links: YouTube:    / ariseffai   Twitter:   / ari_seff   Homepage: https://www.ariseff.com If you'd like to help support the channel (completely optional), you can donate a cup of coffee via the following: Venmo: https://venmo.com/ariseff PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/ariseff