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Biography of Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia

Menelik II was born on the 17th of August, 1844 and was baptised as Sahle Maryam. He was the son of Shewan Amhara, an aristocrat. His maternal lineage remains uncertain, however, there are speculations that his mother was a slave girl. Menelik`s father was the Negus Haile Melekot of Shewa. Before his father`s death in 1855, he named Menelik as the successor to the throne of Shewa. Shortly after Haile Melekot passed on, Menelik was imprisoned by Emperor Tewodros II who conquered Shewa and transferred imprisoned Menelik to the mountain stronghold of Magdala. It was in the stronghold that Menelik married Altash Tewodros, the daughter of Tewodros. Altash was the first of the three wives Menelik would eventually marry. While Menelik was imprisoned, his uncle, Haile Mikael was appointed as Shum of Shewa by Emperor Tewodros II. Following this appointment, Mikael was given the title, Meridazmach. He eventually rebelled against Tewodros, and this resulted in his replacement. Menelik grew up to be cunning and strategic, probably due to the fact that he was badly treated, alongside various other experiences he had. He gradually built his power base through different means. For instance, he organized extravagant three-day feasts to win the favor of locals. He also made friends among Muslims and struck alliances with the Italians and French who could provide him with firearms and political leverage against the Emperor. Menelik sure had something up his sleeve. On the 10th of March, 1889, Emperor Yohannes IV was killed in a war with Mahdist Sudan during the Battle of Gallabat.