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THE HUMAN MICROBIOME: A New Frontier in Health

Microbiome expands the genetic and functional capacity of its human host. Susan Lynch explains that human microbiome develops early in life and that gut microbes shape immune function and relate to disease outcomes in childhood. She also explores next-generation microbiome therapeutics and research. Recorded on 11/07/2019. [12/2019] [Show ID: 35240] Donate to UCTV to support informative & inspiring programming: https://www.uctv.tv/donate More from: Next: UCSF Scientists Outline What’s To Come (https://www.uctv.tv/mini-med-next) UCTV is the broadcast and online media platform of the University of California, featuring programming from its ten campuses, three national labs and affiliated research institutions. UCTV explores a broad spectrum of subjects for a general audience, including science, health and medicine, public affairs, humanities, arts and music, business, education, and agriculture. Launched in January 2000, UCTV embraces the core missions of the University of California -- teaching, research, and public service – by providing quality, in-depth television far beyond the campus borders to inquisitive viewers around the world. (https://www.uctv.tv) 0:00 Introduction 0:49 What We'll Cover Tonight..... 2:06 Microbes Pre-date Earth's Biodiversity 3:23 Culture-based Approaches do not Reflect the True Diversity or Physiology of Microorganisms 8:00 Enabling Tools to Interrogate Microbial Dark Matter 10:11 Humans are Superorganisms 11:12 The Gut Microbiome is Home to Several Trillion Microbes 12:22 Genetic Capacity of the Gut Microbiome Dwarfs that of the Human Host 13:48 The Gut Microbiome Evolves Over Human Lifespan 16:56 Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography 19:07 Diet Rapidly and Reproducibly Alters the Gut Microbiome 21:52 Microbiome Perturbation Associates with Disease 22:38 The Gut Microbiome Influences Remote Organ and Immune Responses 23:47 Human Microbiome - a Lever on Host Physiology 25:58 Yellow Soup for the Soul! 30:55 Asthma is Prevalent in Westernized Nations 36:47 Gut Microbiome Manipulation Alters Airway Mucosal Response to Allergen Challenge or Viral Infection 38:18 Gut Microbiome Manipulation Alters Serum Metabolic Response to Viral Respiratory Infection 41:05 Gut Microbiome Influences Hematopoietic Cell Programing via Plasma-associated Mediators 42:52 How Could the Neonatal Gut Microbiome Influence Airway Disease Development in Childhood? 44:39 High-risk for Asthma Gut Microbiota is Distinct at Birth and Exhibits Delayed Development in Infancy 46:13 Wayne County Health, Environment, Allergy & Asthma Longitudinal Study (WHEALS) Birth cohort 47:04 Neonatal Gut Microbiota State is Associated with Risk of Childhood Atopy and Asthma 49:49 Human Immune Cell Assay to Assess Neonatal Gut Microbiome Immunostimulatory Capacity 50:46 High-risk Neonatal Gut Microbiome Induces Allergic Inflammation and Suppresses T-regulatory Cells 52:51 12,13 DIHOME Promotes Airway Allergic Sensitization and Increased Circulating IgE in Mice 54:09 Altered Linoleic Acid Metabolism Characterizes High-risk Gut Microbiota 55:17 Is the High-risk Neonatal Gut Microbiome Enriched for 12,13 DIHOME Production? 56:25 Neonatal Fecal 3EH Copy Number and 12,13 DIHOME Concentration Predicts Childhood Atopy and Asthma 57:33 Model for Childhood Atopic Asthma Development 59:40 Early-life Gut Microbiota Relates to Childhood Obesity and Overweight Phenotypes at 2 Years