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Transcription Termination in Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes | Biochemistry

This video provides a tutorial on the process of DNA transcription termination in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. There are two different mechanisms of transcription termination in prokaryotes. In an intrinsic termination mechanism, mRNA folds on itself to form a stem-loop or hairpin structure. Subsequently, the stem-loop along with remainder of mRNA is dissociated form the DNA template. In rho-dependent mechanism of termination, rho protein binds to mRNA and advances into 5` to 3` directions till it reached the transcription bubble. Following, the rho protein unwinds the transcript and template to release the mRNA strand. Transcription termination in eukaryotes when RNA polymerase II enzyme encounters polyadenylation signal on mRNA transcript. Following which the pre-mRNA strand is cleaved off and poly (A) tail is added by poly (A) polymerase enzyme in a template-independent manner. The following topics are covered in this lesson, 1. Rho-independent or intrinsic transcription termination in prokaryotes 2. Rho-dependent transcription termination in prokaryotes 3. Transcription termination in eukaryotes 4. What is stem-loop or hairpin loop? 5. What is RNA-DNA hybrid duplex? 6. Polyadenylation signal 7. Poly (A) polymerase 8. Poly (A) tail 9. Polycistronic 10. Monocistronic 11. Rifampin