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Field Reversed Configuration Formation, Two Fluid MHD

Shows the formation of a field reversed configuration (FRC) from a theta pinch. FRCs are often used to confine plasma in fusion reactors due to their closed magnetic field lines. The simulation starts with a uniform plasma and magnetic field. A theta pinch is imposed by coils outside the visualization. This compresses the plasma and forms the FRC. A two fluid model is used where the electrons and ions are modeled as separate fluids. Video shows the magnetic field, current, electron density and ion density over time. While I don't have a reference this is probably how the FRC is formed in Helion's or TAE's fusion reactors and is a common method for forming FRCs. I use initial conditions similar to this paper however I use a two fluid MHD model, https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/12.... Geometry parameters simulation_time = 1e-7 # 100 ns dx = 0.0002 # m domain length = 0.040 # m shape = (200, 200, 200) number of cells = 8,000,000 Electromagnetic Constants elementary_charge = 1.60217662e-19 # C epsilon_0 = 8.85418782e-12 # F/m mu_0 = 4.0 * 3.14159 * 1.0e-7 # H/m c = (1.0 / np.sqrt(mu_0 * epsilon_0)) # m/s electron_mass = 9.10938356e-31 # kg proton_mass = 1.6726219e-27 # kg boltzmann_constant = 1.38064852e-23 # J/K Fluid Constants gamma = (5.0 / 3.0) Plasma cylinder parameters plasma_number_density = 5.0e19 plasma_radius = 0.01 plasma_temperature = 1.0e5 # K Current Injector Parameters coil_magnetic_intensity = 0.1 / mu_0 # ( 0.1 T ) background_magnetic_intensity = 0.03 / mu_0 # ( 0.03 T ) ramp_time = 5.0e-9 # 5 ns (time to reach full current)