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Potassium Permanganate | d Block Chemistry | Jee Mains, Advance | NEET | BITSAT and AIIMS

Potassium Permanganate is one of the most vital topic for Jee Mains, Advance, NEET and AIIMS. Preparation of Potassium Permanganate on a Large Scale:- It is prepared from the mineral pyrolusite, MnO2. The preparation involves the following steps Conversion of MnO2 into potassium manganate. When finely powdered MnO2 is fused with KOH. K2MnO4 is obtained. 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 → 2K2MnO4 + 2H2O Oxidation of potassium manganate into permanganate (a) Chemical oxidation K2MnO4 is oxidised to KMnO4 by bubbling CO2 or Cl2 or ozone into the former. 3K2MnO4 + 2CO2 → 2KMnO4 + MnO2 + 2K2CO3 (b) Electrolytic oxidation The manganate solution is electrolysed between iron electrodes. The oxygen evolved at anode converts manganate into permanganate. 2K2MnO2 + H2O + O → 2K2MnO4 + 2KOH Properties of Potassium Permanganate KMnO4 exists as deep purple prisms. It is moderately soluble in water at room temperature and its solubility in water increases with temperature. (i) Action of heat When heated it decomposes to K2MnO4. 2KMnO4 → K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 (ii) Action of conc. H­2SO4 With cold conc. H2SO4 it gives Mn2O7 which on warming decomposes to MnO2. 2MnO2 + 2H2SO4 → Mn2O7 + 2KHSO4 + 2H2O 2Mn2O7 \overset{Heat}{\rightarrow} 4MnO2 + 3O2 With hot Conc. H­2SO4 O2 is evolved 4KMnO4 + 6H2SO4 → 2K2SO4 + 4MnSO4 + 6H2O + 5O2 (iii) Oxidising properties KMnO4 is a powerful oxidizing agent. The actual oxidizing action depends upon the medium i.e. acidic, basic or neutral. In neutral solution, it acts as moderate oxidizing agent. 2KMnO4 + H2O → 2KOH + 2MnO2 + 3O Some oxidizing properties of KMnO4 in neutral medium are 2KMnO4 + 3Na2S2O3 + H2O → 3K2SO4 + 8MnO2 + 3Na2SO4 + 2KOH 2KMnO4 + 4H2S → 2MnS + S + K2SO4 + 4H2O In strong alkaline solution, it is converted into 2KMnO4 + 2KOH → 2K2MnO4 + H2O + O 2KMnO4 + H2O + Kl → 2MnO2 + 2KOH + KlO3 In acidic medium, Mn+7 is converted into Mn+2 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 3H2O + 5O Some other reactions are 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2S → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 3H2O + 5S 2KMnO4 + 5SO2 + 2H2O → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5KNO2 → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 3H2O + 5KNO3 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5C2H2O4 → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 10CO2 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 + 10FeSO4 → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 8H2O 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 10Kl → K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 5l2 Uses of Potassium Permanganate It is used in volumetric analysis for the estimation of ferrous salts, oxalates, iodides and H2O2. It is used as oxidizing agent in the laboratory as well as in industry. It is also used as disinfectant and germicide We hope You will Enjoy our Lecture. Team IITian Explains ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Watch Potassium Dichromate for Jee Advance and Medical enterence examination    • Potassium Dichromate | d Block Chemis...