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The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

This is the most fundamental tool in all of astrophysics. It cannot be understated that this tool basically invented astrophysics, and can even be replicated with amateur-class telescopes. This is part of my complete intro Astronomy class that I taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter. Supplement the videos with "OpenStax Astronomy" https://openstax.org/books/astronomy/... 17: Analyzing Starlight https://openstax.org/books/astronomy/... 18: The Stars, a Celestial Census https://openstax.org/books/astronomy/... 19: Celestial Distances https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminos... Luminosity/Radius/Temperature Relation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBV_pho... Johnson Filter System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzsp... Hertzsprung-Russell diagram https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar... Luminosity Classes http://sci.esa.int/gaia ESA's Gaia Mission https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipparcos ESA's Hipparcos http://sci.esa.int/gaia/60198-gaia-he... GAIA'S HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM 0:00 Introduction 0:46 Blackbody Spectrum 2:18 Thermal Radiation 3:37 Luminosity-Radius-Temperature Relation 5:42 Astronomical Color Filters 6:42 Color's Definition 8:16 Color and Temperature are Related 10:06 Creating an HR Diagram 15:15 Main Sequence 16:06 Giants & Supergiants 17:03 White Dwarfs 18:11 The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram 21:51 Luminosity Classification 23:43 Stellar Luminosity Classes 27:16 Summary of Stellar Properties 29:01 Locating familiar stars on the H-R Diagram 29:51 Distances Using Astrometry: HIPPARCOS 30:42 Gaia: The Next Generation of Parallax Distances 31:50 Gaia's HR Diagram 35:03 REVIEW QUESTIONS