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Art of Ancient Mesopotamia Pt. 1

During the Neolithic and Bronze Ages the rise of agriculture allowed for humans to settle into permanent communities. Our ancestors no longer had to travel around to hunt and gather sustenance, but could now produce food by remaining in one place through herding animals and growing crops These new sedentary societies throughout Anatolia, Mesopotamia and Egypt allowed humans to build larger and larger communities. These growing civilizations developed highly organized systems and structures that allowed for them to maintain, govern and provide for increasingly larger populations. Institutions we often associate with civilization (governments, organized religions, economies, etc.) and the things need to make those institutions effective (writing, large scale constructions of cities, currency, etc.) developed during this time. These innovations separated the cultures of this early era of civilizations from their hunter & gatherer ancestors of the Paleolithic era. The ancient Sumerians were the first large-scale civilization. Sumer was made up of a series of city states located along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in what is today modern Iraq. The innovations of the Sumerians can be felt in every subsequent civilization. VOCABULARY LIST Relief Ur Uruk Ziggurat Cuneiform Stylus Hieratic Scale Heraldic Motif Composite Figure Stele Votive figures Register Cylinder seals Cone mosaic Registers Apadana Xerxes Darius