Скачать с ютуб Polysystem Theory in Translation Studies by Even Zohar в хорошем качестве

Polysystem Theory in Translation Studies by Even Zohar

Polysystem theory is based on Russian Formalism and Czech Structuralism. It was suggested by Even-Zohar in the 1970s, when he was working on Hebrew literature models. Even-Zohar thinks that all literary relational phenomena should not be regarded as isolated but should be put into a network. A literary system is "the network of the relations that is hypothesized to obtain between a number of activities called 'literary', and consequently these activities themselves observed via that network" (Even-Zohar, 28). Shuttleworth and Cowie define a polysystem as "a heterogeneous, hierarchized conglomerate (or system) of systems which interact to bring about an ongoing, dynamic process of evolution within the polysystem as a whole" (qtd. in Munday, 108). In relation to the literary and cultural aspects, polysystem theory is based on three oppositions, namely: the opposition between "canonized and noncanonized products or models", between "the system's centre and periphery", and between "primary and secondary activities". (Even-Zohar, 15-21) Then the concept of a polysystem can be applied in the translation field. Even-Zohar thinks that, generally speaking, translated literature is located in the periphery of the home system, but its position is changeable and it may occupy the centre on the following three occasions: (1) when a literature is "young"; (2) when a literature is either "peripheral" or "weak", or both; (3) "when there are turning points, crisis, or literary vacuums in a literature" (200-20 1 ). A polysystem contains "the conception of a system as dynamic and heterogeneous" (12). This concept stresses two features of polysystem theory. The first one is dynamic change. That is to say, the position of all types of literature (including translation works) is not static but changeable. #Polysystem_Theory_in_Translation_Studies Even_Zohar