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Genetic Mutations: Is Drinking Milk a Super Power?: Crash Course Biology #37

Science fiction is full of superpowered mutants, but in reality, mutations are much more diverse and complex. Sometimes, they can change someone’s entire body, and other times, we don’t notice them at all! In this episode, we’ll unpack what mutations are, how they work (including substitutions and frameshift mutations), and how scientists are learning to control mutations using tools like CRISPR/Cas9 and gene therapy. Introduction: Mutations Outside the Movies 00:00 What Are Mutations? 1:20 What Determines Mutations' Effects? 3:10 Types of Mutations 4:16 Positive, Negative, or Neutral? 7:43 Gene Therapy & CRISPR 8:23 Pharmacogenomics 10:59 Review & Credits 11:58 This series was produced in collaboration with HHMI BioInteractive, committed to empowering educators and inspiring students with engaging, accessible, and quality classroom resources. Visit https://BioInteractive.org/CrashCourse for more information. Are you an educator looking for what NGSS Standards are covered in this episode? Check out our Educator Standards Database for Biology here: https://www.thecrashcourse.com/biolog... Check out our Biology playlist here:    • Biology   Watch this series in Spanish on our Crash Course en Español channel here:    • Crash Course Biología   Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1G... *** Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at   / crashcourse   Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever: Leah H., David Fanska, Andrew Woods, DL Singfield, Ken Davidian, Stephen Akuffo, Toni Miles, Steve Segreto, Kyle & Katherine Callahan, Laurel Stevens, Burt Humburg, Perry Joyce, Scott Harrison, Mark & Susan Billian, Alan Bridgeman, Breanna Bosso, Matt Curls, Jennifer Killen, Jon Allen, Sarah & Nathan Catchings, team dorsey, Bernardo Garza, Trevin Beattie, Eric Koslow, Indija-ka Siriwardena, Jason Rostoker, Siobhán, Ken Penttinen, Nathan Taylor, Barrett & Laura Nuzum, Les Aker, William McGraw, Vaso, ClareG, Rizwan Kassim, Constance Urist, Alex Hackman, Pineapples of Solidarity, Katie Dean, Stephen McCandless, Wai Jack Sin, Ian Dundore, Caleb Weeks __ Want to find Crash Course elsewhere on the internet? Instagram -   / thecrashcourse   Facebook -   / youtubecrashcourse   Twitter -   / thecrashcourse   CC Kids:    / crashcoursekids