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Bloom's Taxonomy / Educational Objectives - I - Simplified / Nursing Education.

Meaning • Educational objectives are the statements of those changes in behaviour which are desired as a result of specific learner and teacher activity. Behavior • What the student should know or be able to do at the end of the teaching- learning activity. • Includes knowledge, ability, skill, attitude, appreciation & interest (result of teaching learning activity). II. Definition of Educational Objectives “ Education objectives are the result sought by the learner at the end of the educational program, i.e. what the students should be able to do at the end of a learning period, that they could not do beforehand ” (Sir. J J Gilbert). III. Importance The educational objectives are: A. Expressions of what a teacher hopes his / her students can accomplish as a result of his/her teaching. B. Policy statements of direction and provides foundation of the entire educative structure. C. The statement, which express specifically and in measurable terms, IV. Purposes of Educational Objectives 1. Preparing Teaching / Learning program 2. Facilitates Course planning 3. Communicates desirable emphasis of treatment 4. Provides for selective approach 5. Helps in Curriculum design 6. Facilitates Evaluation 7. Facilitates Learning V. Qualities of Educational Objective / Specific Objectives 1. Measurable 2. Unequivocal 3. Feasible 4. Logical 5. Observable 6. Relevant VII. Elements of Specific Objectives 1. Activity - Appropriate action verb to be used. 2. Content - What is to be implemented or performed. 3. Condition - With or without help of equipment, books, specimens reports etc. 4. Criteria - Minimum level of performance. VIII. Types or Classifications of Educational Objectives A. According to Gilbert B. According to Bloom Taxonomical C. According to Hedgerken D. According to Person Taxonomy of Objectives I. Meaning • Taxonomy is the branch of science concerned with classification; it’s a scheme of classification. • Comes from two Greek Word ‘taxis’ means ‘arrangement’ and ‘Nomos’ means ‘Science’, thus ‘Science of arrangements’. • ‘Domain’ simply means ‘Category’. II Historical Development In 1948 – American Psychological Association – Called for the clear cut need of educational objectives. • In 1956 - Under the leadership of Educational Psychologist Dr. Benjamin Samuel Bloom and his associates developed a system of classification of objectives called Bloom’s Taxonomy / Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. • 1956 - Cognitive domain, 1964 – Affective domain and 1966 – 1972 Psychomotor Domain. Later, in 2001 – The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives has been revised by Lorin, Anderson as Taxonomy of Teaching, Learning and Assessment III Definition “ Bloom’s Taxonomy is a hierarchical classification system used to define and distinguish different levels of human cognition i.e. thinking, learning, and understanding”. “A systematic organization of objectives into three domains to help the teachers in precise formulation and evaluates the result of a system of education, helps students to prepare for examinations to obtain the desired end results”. IV Aims • To promote higher forms of thinking in education rather than just remembering facts (rote learning). • To categorize a continuum of educational objectives. • To look at the intellectual, psychological as well as motor skills of the learner in the field of education. • To select (helps to select) appropriate classroom assessment techniques for any course. V. Advantages of Taxonomy 1. To help teachers formulate the educational objectives clearly 2. To give clear cut guidelines to avoid ambiguity in statement of objective. 3. To enable educators to communicate among each others 4. Evaluation of the result of system of education. 5. Collective work is made possible. 6. To solve problems regarding a practicability. 7. To construct test items in examination 8. As research tool in education and evaluation. VI. Types or Classifications of Educational Objectives in Taxonomy 1. Cognitive Domain 2. Affective Domain 3. Psychomotor Domain Based on 3 H- Head, Heart, and Hand. Taxonomical Classification of Objectives with Levels (1956) A. Cognitive Domain (1956) L-1 = Knowledge (Remember) L-2 = Comprehension (Understand) L – 3 = Application (APPLY) L- 4 = Analysis (Analyze) L-5 = Synthesis (Create) L – 6 = Evaluation (Evaluate) B. Affective Domain L-1 = Receiving L-2 = Responding L – 3 = Valuing L- 4 = Organization L – 5 = Characterization C. Psychomotor L-1 = Perception L-2 = Set L – 3 = Guided Response L- 4 = Mechanism L-5 = Complex Overt Response L – 6 = Adaptation l- 7= Origination To be continued in the next video….. Thank You