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Political Crisis/Instability in Pakistan

Introduction: Pakistan’s Current Political Crisis started at the end of General Rtd. Pervez Musharraf’s rule. None of the subsequent governments could be called stable, nor elections that happened since then were accepted with controversy -2013 elections resulted in Largest ever Sit-In by PTI in Pakistan’s history and later Panama Case resulted in ouster of then PM Mian Nawaz Shareef. 2018 elections were declared rigged by opposition alliance PDM and resultantly political instability continued. Peak of this political instability was witnessed with change of government through Vote of No confidence against PM Imran Khan. -Post PTI government two parallel internal conflicts are worth mentioning: Between PTI and establishment and PTI and PDM coalition.   Why Political Crisis in Pakistan? -Old debate of Civil-Military divide -Imran Khan Factor in Pakistan Politics -Polarized Media -Economic Challenges as Catalysts -Absence of Free and Fair Elections -Weak or Polarized institutions: Especially Elections Commission, Judicial Systems, NAB etc -Hung and rubber stamp parliament -Authoritarian Political Parties -Weak Civil Society institutions   Implications: -Economic Challenges -Security Crisis -Bad Governance -Weak Foreign Policy   Solutions: -Reversing the above, however, Strengthening Parliament and other democratic institutions, Free and fair elections under autonomous and unbiased Election commission can be starting points.   Conclusion