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Members Seminar: Digital Public Infrastructure and Taxation Lessons Learned and Ways Forward

This seminar aims at spurring a discussion around the potential of digital public infrastructure (DPI) to strengthen governments in low-income countries, with a focus on Africa. DPI, consisting of three pillars - digital ID, digital payments and data exchange systems -, has emerged as a revolutionising game-changer for the digital transformation of governments and societies. The DPI concept builds on open-source, interoperable and scalable pillars – akin to Lego blocks – which can be assembled and combined to create inclusive, resilient and adaptable digital solutions. All three DPI pillars hold great potential to strengthen increasingly digitalised tax administrations, especially when it comes to formalise informal entities, access precious third-party data and improve monitoring and enforcement of taxes. This potential is even bigger in resource-strapped African countries, where tax agencies are prioritising and investing in digital transformations. However, important questions remain around how to fully unlock the potential of DPI for governments in low-income countries, how to best adapt DPI to local contexts’ specificities, and what are the preconditions that must be in place to that end. Simply replicating DPI success stories (India, Brazil, Estonia, Singapore, etc) to the complex and different contexts in Africa comes with a high risk of failure, especially if data sharing regulations, data governance structures and trust are poor. In this seminar, we first want to showcase the lessons learned on the potential of DPI to reshape tax administrations in Africa, as produced by the DIGITAX programme at the International Centre for Tax and Development. We will then discuss the broader fundamental issues concerning any digitalisation reforms in governments, as emerged from the work of IDS digital cluster, and draw important connections to understand the potential of DPI applications. We will then conclude with policy recommendations and future directions for research on DPI implementation in low-income countries. Speakers: Fabrizio Santoro, IDS, Caroline Khene, IDS and Celeste Scarpini, IDS Chair: Martin Hearson, IDS