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Physiology of Blood coagulation Animation - Extrinsic and intrinsic pathway

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Physiology of Blood coagulation Animation - Extrinsic and intrinsic pathway Coagulation Overview Platelet plug formation is primary hemostasis Endothelial injury → collagen exposed → platelets adhere to vWF in the subendothelium (adhesion) Binding of platelets also activates them to release their granules which contain key molecules: TXA2 (thromboxane A2), ADP, Ca2+, and serotonin Role of ADP in platelet activation: ADP binds receptors on platelet surface, causing insertion of GpIIb/IIIa (fibrinogen receptor) → allows aggregation of platelets Aggregation is mediated by fibrinogen, which binds GpIIb/IIIa on adjacent platelets Aggregation is inhibited by endothelial cells that release PGI2 (prostacyclin) and NO The goal of secondary hemostasis is generation of the fibrin clot Many reactions in the cascade require Ca2+ and platelet phospholipid as cofactors Factors X, IX, VII, II (mnemonic "1972") are vitamin K-dependent Inhibition of the clotting cascade occurs via activated Protein C (APC) and Antithrombin III. tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) disrupts existing clots. Prothrombin Time (PT) evaluates the extrinsic system: Factors VII, X, V, II and I The normal PT is between 10-12 seconds. INR (International Normalized Ratio) is a standardized value for PT that is often quoted when following warfarin therapy. The normal value is set at 1. An elevated INR indicates relative increase in anti-coagulation (i.e. INR = 2-3) ↑ PT can be seen with warfarin therapy, or any process affecting the synthesis or consumption of coagulation factors (i.e. liver disease and DIC; respectively). PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time) evaluates the intrinsic system: Factors XII, XI, IX, VIII, X, V, II and I. The normal PTT is between 25-40 seconds. PTT is used to follow heparin but not LMWH (i.e. enoxaparin) therapy. ↑ PTT is seen with factor deficiencies, DIC, vWD and anti-phospholipid syndrome (associated with SLE). #bloodcoagulationanimation #bloodcoagulationphysiology #bloodcoagulation #bloodphysiology #coagulation #coagulationintrensicpathway #coagulationextrensicpathway #fmge #medicalstudents #usmleprep #usmlepreparation #drgbhanuprakash #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #usmle #medicalcollege #nationalexittest