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Fatty Acid-Oxidation ( Beta oxidation of fatty acids and Aplha oxidation ) Biochemistry

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Fatty Acid-Oxidation ( Beta oxidation of fatty acids and Aplha oxidation ) Biochemistry 📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:-   / drgbhanuprakash   📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash Fatty Acid-Oxidation ( Beta oxidation of fatty acids and Aplha oxidation ) Biochemistry Introduction ____________ Fatty acid oxidation is a crucial metabolic process that provides energy by breaking down fatty acids. Medical students studying biochemistry must have a comprehensive understanding of both beta-oxidation and alpha-oxidation, which are the two main pathways for fatty acid catabolism. In this guide, we will explore the mechanisms, regulation, and clinical significance of these pathways. Beta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids _____________________________ Beta-oxidation is the primary pathway for the breakdown of long-chain fatty acids. It occurs in the mitochondria and is essential for energy production. Here are the key steps: 1. Activation of Fatty Acids Enzyme involved: Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase. Fatty acids are activated by attaching CoA to their carboxyl end, forming fatty acyl-CoA. 2. Transport into Mitochondria Fatty acyl-CoA is transported into the mitochondria by Carnitine Shuttle. 3. Beta-Oxidation Cycle Enzymes involved: Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Enoyl-CoA Hydratase, 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, and Thiolase. Repeated cycles of oxidation, hydration, dehydrogenation, and thiolytic cleavage result in the removal of two-carbon acetyl-CoA units from the fatty acid chain. 4. Acetyl-CoA Production Acetyl-CoA is produced in each cycle and enters the citric acid cycle for ATP generation. Alpha-Oxidation of Fatty Acids ______________________________ Alpha-oxidation is a specialized pathway for the degradation of branched-chain fatty acids, such as phytanic acid. It occurs in peroxisomes and involves the following steps: 1. Hydroxylation Enzyme involved: Phytanoyl-CoA Hydroxylase. The fatty acid is hydroxylated at the alpha carbon, forming alpha-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA. 2. Oxidation and Cleavage Enzyme involved: Alpha-Hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA Lyase. Alpha-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA is oxidized and cleaved, producing pristanal and formate. Regulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation _________________________________ Fatty acid oxidation is regulated by the energy needs of the cell. Hormones like insulin and glucagon play key roles in regulating fatty acid oxidation in response to glucose and lipid availability. Clinical Significance ____________________ Dysregulation of fatty acid oxidation can lead to various metabolic disorders, such as fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs). FAODs can result in energy deficiency, muscle weakness, and other serious health complications. #fmge #fmgevideos #rapidrevisionfmge #fmgejan2023 #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #nationalexittest #neetpg #usmlepreparation #usmlestep1 #fmge #usmle #drgbhanuprakash #medicalstudents #medicalstudent #medicalcollege #neetpg2023 #usmleprep #usmlevideos #usmlestep1videos #medicalstudents #neetpgvideos #lipolysis #lipidmetabolism #fattyacidoxidation #biochemistry #biochemistryvideolectures #usmlevideos