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Tees Cottage Pumping Station.

The Beam Engine at Tees Cottage requires steam to generate power. This steam is produced in one of two, coal fired, Lancashire boilers dating from 1902. Currently only one boiler is used for this purpose. The original 1849 Beam Engine ran until 1907, when it was replaced by a small Gas Engine. The Beam Engine which you can see today was installed in 1904 and, as one of the last Beam Engines built, represented the pinnacle of Beam Engine technology. The electric pump house represents a further move forward in technology. These pumps were required, not only to meet the ever increasing demand for clean water, but also to provide the increase in pressure required by the advances in water treatment technology. In the early years of the 20th Century, demand for water from Darlington and Teesside grew significantly and it became necessary to install increased pumping capacity. To meet this demand, in 1914, a Gas Engine, Gas Producer plant and new Pumps were installed in the East Pump House. The Gas Producer and Gas Engine were provided by Ruston Hornsby & Sons and the pumps by Hathorn, Davy & Co. Ltd. The Blacksmith’s workshop (Smithy) was built in 1855 to provide running repairs on site and probably to shoe horses used to pull the coal, coke and anthracite wagons to the site from the nearby Merrybent rail depot. After training for many years as an apprentice, the Tees Cottage blacksmith would have worked, lived and slept in the Smithy. The work would have been hard, involving long hours in a hot and dirty environment. The workshop still contains many of the original tools the blacksmith would have used, including an original set of bellows. The blacksmiths of today may not be required to work as hard as their predecessors but they use many of the same techniques. The primary function of the Pumping Station was to provide clean water to the inhabitants and businesses of Darlington and Teesside. Although the extraction of water from the Tees, upstream of these habitations, in itself provided a more healthy supply, added purification in the form of Slow Sand Filters provided an extra layer of protection. This simple process was undertaken in a large basin containing fine filter sand, supported on a layer of gravel. In addition to removing solid matter, carried by the river water, a biological layer naturally formed on top of the sand and provided a degree of bacterial action, so further improving water quality. Located next to our Beam Engine (in the original 1849 engine house) is our Beam House Workshop powered by a Line Shaft. This would have been used alongside the Blacksmith Shop to make parts to maintain the buildings and pumps. This second-hand line shaft workshop was installed after 1907 when the original 1849 Beam Engine (which was in that room) was sold for scrap. Unfortunately, we are not sure who owned the workshop previously. The line-shaft has a large lathe with a grinder attached in addition to a pillar drill and a shaper. On open days you can often see the workshop in operation but we don’t make parts on it anymore. Its called a line-shaft because the power is transferred to the tools from the motor by a large line shaft fitted with pullies and belts. This is now powered by a motor in the floor above but from 1907 – 1926 it was powered by the Fielding Gas Engine which used to be next door in the room which is now the Electric Pump House. This is one of the true hidden gems of Tees Cottage Pumping Station. Adrift Among Infinite Stars Scott Buckley wwwscottbuckley.com.au/library