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What is Classical Conditioning? How We Learn

In this video, we discuss a second form of learning: classical conditioning. We also learn about the history of how classical conditioning was discovered by Ivan Pavlov. Classical Conditioning: A form of associative learning in which the stimulus or experience occurs before the behavior and then gets paired or associated with the behavior. Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Stimulus that elicits an automatic (unlearned) response. Unconditioned Response (UCR): Automatic (unlearned) response to a non-neutral stimulus. Conditioned Stimulus (CS): Previously neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a response due to association with UCS. Conditioned Response (CR): Response to a previously neutral stimulus due to a learned association. Acquisition: Gradually learning—or acquiring—the CR (caused by repeated pairing of CS + UCS). Extinction: The CR decreases in magnitude and eventually disappears (caused by presenting CS alone without UCS). Spontaneous Recovery: A seemingly extinct CR reappears (caused by presenting the CS again). Renewal Effect: We extinguish a CR in a setting different from the one in which the animal acquired it; when we return to the original setting, the CR returns. Stimulus Generalization: CSs that are similar (but not identical) to the original CS elicit a CR. Stimulus Discrimination: Opposite of stimulus generalization; exhibiting a less pronounced CR in response to CSs that differ from the original CS.