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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome🥵 vs Serotonin Syndrome - UWorld Question, USMLE, MBBS

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening reaction to antipsychotic medications characterized by diffuse muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, and altered sensorium. The antipsychotic should be stopped and supportive care provided. dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor blocker that inhibits calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, is an effective antidote. neuroleptic malignant syndrome presents clinically with diffuse muscle rigidity, high fever, autonomic instability (hypertension, tachycardia), and altered sensorium. Laboratory findings include creatine kinase elevation due to rhabdomyolysis, which can result in acute renal failure. Serotonin receptor antagonists (for example, cyproheptadine) can be used to treat serotonin syndrome. Similar to neuroleptic malignant syndrome, serotonin syndrome can present with altered mental status and autonomic instability (diaphoresis, hypertension, hyperthermia, tachycardia). However, serotonin syndrome commonly presents with hyper-reflexia and myoclonus (not diffuse rigidity) and gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting). By LHcheM - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Sbharris - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Whispyhistory - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Healing by Roa    / roa_music1031   Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0 Free Download / Stream: https://www.audiolibrary.com.co/roa-m... Music promoted by Audio Library     • Healing – Roa (No Copyright Music)