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Survival of the Quickest: How Climate Change Has Shaped Evolution

Introduction Evolution acts most strongly during times of change - favouring those species that are best equipped to handle new challenges. In the distant past, climate change has acted as a strong driver of evolutionary change - shaping species and whole ecosystems as they adapt to their new environments. Given that we are in the midst of our own period of intense climate change - one of our own making - we’ll consider how evolution and natural selection may respond to redefine the plants and animals around us. Speakers Daniel Richard is originally from Toronto, Canada, and completed his Bachelor of Science in Biology from the University of Waterloo. He is in his sixth year of a PhD in Human Evolutionary Biology in the lab of Terence Capellini. He studies the genetics underlying human traits such as osteoarthritis risk and height, and is interested in how natural selection has acted to shape the human body. When not in the lab or at the keyboard, he enjoys running, swimming, and biking the Minuteman trail. Glossary of Important Terms Species: A group of organisms that share common characteristics and can interbreed (to make fertile offspring) Variation: slight differences in a given trait within a population - e.g. human height, eye colour Heritable: the particular value of a given trait (e.g. height) is genetically inherited in the offspring (e.g. tall parents tend to have taller children) Competition: there is not enough food for all members of a population to survive, meaning some animals can live and reproduce and others cannot Adaptation: A feature of an organism that promotes survival and reproduction Extinction: When all the members of a species die out, or can no longer reproduce (e.g. the recent Northern White Rhino) Anthropocene: Unit of geological time used to describe the most recent period of Earth’s history, when human activity started to have a significant impact on global climate and ecosystem Resources to learn more A history of evolutionary theory before and after Darwin: https://www.britannica.com/science/ev... The Grant Finch Study: https://paw.princeton.edu/article/peo... Trilobite extinctions resulting from huge climate change: https://www.livescience.com/why-trilo... The role of climate change in human evolution: https://humanorigins.si.edu/research/... Megafaunal extinctions at the end of the Pleistocene: https://www.livescience.com/51793-ext...